Neuroscientists working in our Brain Research and Imaging Centre led a new study published in Nature Communications
The targeted use of ultrasound technology can bring about significant changes in brain function that could pave the way towards treatment of conditions such as depression, addiction, or anxiety, a new study suggests.
Research by neuroscientists at the University of Plymouth explored the impacts of an emerging technique called transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS).
Typically, ultrasound examinations involve diffuse broad beams of ultrasound being used to create images while leaving the target tissue unaffected.
However, focusing the beams through TUS can increase the pressure in the target region and change the way neurons communicate with one another.
Writing in Nature Communications, the research team say a study involving 24 healthy adults showed that TUS can induce significant changes in GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) concentration within the brain’s posterior cingulate cortex in the hour following ultrasound treatment.
The study also showed that in the hour following the TUS treatment, the way the posterior cingulate cortex communicates with the rest of the brain was also profoundly altered.
However, the changes were not consistent across all areas with GABA levels not being altered in the anterior cingulate cortex, another cortical area equally related to psychiatric conditions but underlying different cognitive functions, particularly related to decision making, learning and attention regulation.
The research team – which also included experts from the University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, University College London, Radboud University Nijmegen, and University of Oxford – say the study represents an important first step in the generation of clinical applications that could use ultrasound to treat mental health disorders.
They say the study provides evidence that TUS works in humans and that changes in the brain are reversible, although much more work will need to be done before it can be applied in a clinical setting.
They are already exploring whether TUS can be used to change the dopaminergic system, which could potentially alter how people make decisions, learn, and are motivated to engage in certain behaviours relevant to addiction.
One of the long-term aspirations of neuroscientists is to find ways to change activity in only certain parts of the brain while leaving the rest unchanged. If you are taking medication for depression, for example, the drug will impact the entire brain and clinicians have very limited control over where the drug goes and what it does. We already know that specific regions of the brain (and some of their connections) are dysfunctional in certain conditions but other regions can work perfectly well. This study provides us with the genuine potential to think about using ultrasound for more targeted interventions in people with a range of mental health conditions.
Elsa Fouragnan
Associate Professor of Neuroscience and a UK Research and Innovation Future Leaders Fellow
It was very interesting to see that when we targeted two different brain regions, it resulted in different changes in GABA concentration. This suggests that some TUS protocols work well for certain parts of the brain and not so well for others. Or maybe there is another mechanism at play, like the fact that the region needs to be in a certain state for the intervention to work, and that is something we clearly need to explore more in future work.
Siti Yaakub
Postdoctoral Research Fellow
The study was carried out at the University of Plymouth’s Brain Research and Imaging Centre, a state-of-the-art research facility opened in 2022 to help better understand brain activity and human behaviour.
It is the latest project involving the University to explore the impact of ultrasound on the human brain, with previous studies highlighting how ultrasound could be used to treat psychiatric disorders and change the decision-making process.
Original Article: Targeted ultrasound can change brain functions for up to an hour after intervention
More from: University of Plymouth | University College London | Radboud University Nijmegen | University of Oxford
The Latest Updates from Bing News
Go deeper with Bing News on:
Targeted ultrasound
- My brother has brain cancer but he gave me tips for telly debut, property star reveals
Danny explains: “Dunc went off to New York to get sonodynamic therapy, which is essentially using ultrasound to target cancer cells. “It’s a new treatment and I think he was patient number six in the ...
- N.S. mom calls for better ultrasound access after private clinic reveals twins
A Halifax mother is calling for better access to hospital ultrasounds after she recently discovered she was having twins while receiving private care.
- Is Bucks' Damian Lillard playing in Game 4 after major injury scare vs. Pacers?
Bucks star Damian Lillard re-aggravated an Achilles injury late in a Game 3 loss to the Pacers, complicating his status going forward.
- I'm an American who gave birth to my 3 kids in Germany. I had a postpartum midwife covered by insurance, and a water birth in the hospital.
I moved to Germany over a decade ago and had all my three kids here. My insurance covered everything but I didn't know who was attending my birth.
- International Contrast Ultrasound Society (ICUS) and Northwest Imaging Forums announce partnership to advance IV training for sonographers
The International Contrast Ultrasound Society (ICUS) and Northwest Imaging Forums (NWIF) today announced an educational partnership to help train sono ...
Go deeper with Bing News on:
Transcranial ultrasound stimulation
- Rewiring Reality: Stanford Unveils the Brain’s Fault Lines in Psychosis
When the brain has trouble filtering incoming information and predicting what’s likely to happen, psychosis can result, Stanford Medicine-led research shows. Inside the brains of people with psychosis ...
- Advancing high-resolution ultrasound imaging with deep learning
Researchers at the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology have developed a new technique to make ultrasound localization microscopy, an emerging diagnostic tool used for high-resolution ...
- Scientists Discover 2 Key Brain Systems Behind Psychosis
Researchers have identified dysfunctions in two specific brain systems in people who have psychosis – systems that help us filter attention to important internal and external information and predict ...
- Univ. of Iowa Health Care looks into how transcranial magnetic stimulation impacts the brain
Through the TMS process, UIHC has developed a new tool that allows scientists to measure the effect of it on the brain in real time.
- Study finds dysfunction of key brain systems in people with psychosis
Inside the brains of people with psychosis, two key systems are malfunctioning: a "filter" that directs attention toward important external events and internal thoughts, and a "predictor" composed of ...