Can activation of a distinct genetic pathway slow the progress of metastatic breast cancer?

Article Highlights

Metastasis, the spread of tumour cells to distant sites, is the major cause of death for people impacted by cancer. With no therapeutic cure available, it is clear that new treatments are needed urgently
In a study published today in the international journal, Cancer Research a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, investigators at the Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute (the La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine) have shown that when the protein bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4) is switched off, breast cancer can become more aggressive. BMP4 is active during fetal development and is maintained during adulthood in some healthy organs, including the breast
It was hypothesised that restoring BMP4 activity would block the ability of breast tumours to metastasise
“At its core, this study has demonstrated that high levels of the BMP4 protein in breast cancer patients is associated with better outcome, linked to a reduction in metastatic breast cancer,” said Prof Anderson
'This is an exciting finding as there has been no reduction in the rates of mortality for people with metastatic breast cancer for over 20 years,” said Prof Anderson
This translational research study revealed that levels of the BMP4 protein are often reduced in late stage breast cancer. But when BMP4 levels were restored in preclinical models of metastatic breast cancer, it could block distant metastasis in multiple organs including the lung and bone
“As part of the study, we were able to demonstrate how BMP4 activates cellular pathways to block the ability of tumour cells to metastasise,” Dr Eckhardt explains, “and importantly show that key proteins induced by BMP4 are critical to block metastasis by reducing the number of circulating tumour cells within the blood”.
“A current challenge is that BMP4 protein has an active half-life of only 15 minutes or less in the body after administration, so it is not a practical long-term therapy,” said Prof Anderson. “We will now focus on finding a more therapeutically viable way of mimicking the action of BMP4in vivoas a new lead therapy for patients with metastatic breast cancer,” said Prof Anderson.

The Complete Story: Activation of a distinct genetic pathway can slow the progress of metastatic breast cancer

La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine | University of Western Australia | University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

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