- Today most U.S. biodiesel is produced from soybean. But despite its value as a protein source, soybean only provides the equivalent of about one barrel of oil per acre.
- A team led by the University of Illinois has engineered sugarcane plants to produce 12 percent oil by weight, and expect to reach 20 percent in the future. This could provide 17 barrels of oil per acre.
- Biodiesel from “oil cane” could reduce the cost of biodiesel production from $4.10 to $2.20 per gallon and provide additional environmental and economic benefits.
America’s oil consumption far exceeds that of every other country in the world. What’s more, it’s unsustainable.
Therefore, in 2007, Congress mandated a move away from petroleum-based oils toward more renewable sources. Soybeans, an important dietary protein and the current primary source of plant-based oils used for biodiesel production, only yield about one barrel per acre. At this rate, the soybean crop could never quench the nation’s thirst for oil.
To address this issue, the Department of Energy’s Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) program called for high-risk, high-reward projects that could develop new drop-in fuels in its PETRO program. A team led by University of Illinois researchers answered the call by imagining and successfully achieving a way to produce large quantities of oil from sugarcane. Their most recent study demonstrates the economic benefits of this technology relative to soybean oil.
“We thought that if we could go back to the drawing board, we’d need a very productive crop. And we would also need something that could grow on land that isn’t being used intensively for food. We came up with sugarcane and sweet sorghum,” recalls Stephen P. Long, U of I crop scientist and lead investigator on the project.
The team altered sugarcane metabolism to convert sugars into lipids, or oils, which could be used to produce biodiesel. The natural makeup of sugarcane is typically only about 0.05 percent oil. Within a year of starting the project, the team was able to boost oil production 20 times, to approximately 1 percent. At the time of this writing, the so-called “oil-cane” plants are producing 12 percent oil. The ultimate goal is to achieve 20 percent. Oil cane has additional advantages that have been engineered by the team. These include increased cold tolerance and more efficient photosynthesis, which leads to greater biomass production and even more oil.
“If all of the energy that goes into producing sugar instead goes into oil, then you could get 17 to 20 barrels of oil per acre,” Long explains. “A crop like this could be producing biodiesel at a very competitive price, and could represent a perpetual source of oil and a very significant offset to greenhouse gas emissions, as well.”
In their analysis, the team looked at the land area, technology, and costs required for processing oil-cane biomass into biodiesel under a variety of oil production scenarios, from 2 percent oil in the plant to 20 percent. These numbers were compared with normal sugarcane, which can be used to produce ethanol, and soybean.
An advantage of oil cane is that leftover sugars in the plant can be converted to ethanol, providing two fuel sources in one.
“Modern sugarcane mills in Brazil shared with us all of their information on energy inputs, costs, and machinery. Then we looked at the U.S. corn ethanol industry, and how they separated the corn oil. Everything we used is existing technology, so that gave us a lot of security on our estimates,” Long says.
The analysis showed that oil cane with 20 percent oil in the stem, grown on under-utilized acres in the southeastern United States, could replace more than two-thirds of the country’s use of diesel and jet fuel. This represents a much greater proportion than could be supplied by soybean, even if the entire crop went to biodiesel production. Furthermore, oil cane could achieve this level of productivity on a fraction of the land area that would be needed for crops like soybean and canola, and it could do so on land considered unusable for food crop production.
The current full production cost of biodiesel from soybean is $4.10 per gallon ($1.08 per liter). Using oil cane instead, that cost decreases to $3.30 per gallon for 2 percent oil cane and to $2.20 per gallon for 20 percent oil cane. The ethanol produced from 1-, 5- and 10 percent oil cane would add to the cost benefit.
Although $2.20 per gallon does not represent a large savings over the current price of gasoline in the United States, Long cautions consumers and politicians to look at the bigger picture.
“We know from our past experience that it’s not going to last,” he says. “We need to start building for a future when gas is no longer as low as $1.50 per gallon, and we need to avoid any future dependency on other countries for our oil. We are lucky to have the land resources to do this and, in doing so, to ensure that future generations have a supply of oil that is domestic and renewable.”
Learn more: Biodiesel from sugarcane more economical than soybean
The Latest on: Biodiesel from sugarcane
[google_news title=”” keyword=”biodiesel from sugarcane” num_posts=”10″ blurb_length=”0″ show_thumb=”left”]
via Google News
The Latest on: Biodiesel from sugarcane
- Researchers seek to scale ‘yeast fuel’ productionon April 26, 2024 at 7:34 am
Scientists at Thailand’s Chulalongkorn University say yeast and agricultural waste will play a key role in the development of renewable jet fuel for the aerospace industry ...
- South Papua quarantine inspects sugarcane cuttings from Australiaon April 26, 2024 at 3:39 am
The South Papua Quarantine Agency supervised the arrival of sugarcane cuttings from Australia at Mopah Airport in Merauke, South Papua. A total of 1,440 ...
- Demand for renewables powers growth at Brazilian ethanol giant Raízenon April 26, 2024 at 2:00 am
With a favourable climate and abundant land to grow the primary ingredients — sugar cane or corn — Brazil has emerged, alongside the US, as one of the world’s largest producers and exporters of ...
- Yeast Fuel, Developed by Chula's Faculty of Science Soon to Expand Its Production for the Aerospace Industryon April 23, 2024 at 9:27 am
Researchers from Chulalongkorn University have made use of forage grass to feed microorganisms and convert the resulting fat into jet fuel. They aim to expand petroleum-based oil replacement ...
- Carras Secures ABS' First Biofuel Notation for Aquataurus Bulk Carrieron April 23, 2024 at 1:46 am
Greek shipping company Carras (Hellas) has received the ABS Biofuel-1 notation for its Aquataurus ultramax bulk carrier, the ...
- Brazil Makes First Shipment of Ethanol to US Jet Fuel Planton April 22, 2024 at 8:52 am
Brazilian company Raizen SA made the country’s first shipment of sugar-cane ethanol to be converted into green jet fuel in a US plant, as competition heats up to supply the nascent market.
- A green tech Earth Day glossaryon April 21, 2024 at 11:00 pm
Alternately known as cleantech and climate tech. Biofuel: Fuel made from living matter, such as sugar cane, soybeans or vegetable/animal oils. Biomass: The matter used to make biofuel. Blue tech: The ...
- Brazil Readies Ethanol for Green Jet Fuel, Rocking US Rivalson April 16, 2024 at 8:22 am
The US made a huge technological leap forward this year with the launch of the world’s first plant that makes sustainable jet fuel from ethanol — but it’s Brazilian farmers, not American ones, who’ll ...
- Earth Talk: What about biomass?on April 16, 2024 at 1:00 am
Why hasn’t biomass caught on more as a renewable energy source? – PJ, via email Answer: Biomass is organic material derived from living or recently living organisms like plants, animals and ...
- How Genome Mapping Can Transform Sugarcane Into Green Fuelon April 12, 2024 at 2:25 am
Unveiling sugarcane's genome, scientists set the stage for innovative breeding and renewable carbon sourcing, heralding a new era in agricultural research and sustainability. Researchers have ...
via Bing News