The enormous advantages of this new technology are obvious: billion-euro manufacturing plants that are necessary for manufacturing today’s microelectronics could be a thing of the past.
Scientists at the University of Konstanz and the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) are working on storing and processing information on the level of single molecules to create the smallest possible components that will combine autonomously to form a circuit. As recently reported in the academic journal Advanced Science, the researchers can switch on the current flow through a single molecule for the first time with the help of light.
Dr. Artur Erbe, physicist at the HZDR, is convinced that in the future molecular electronics will open the door for novel and increasingly smaller – while also more energy efficient – components or sensors: “Single molecules are currently the smallest imaginable components capable of being integrated into a processor.” Scientists have yet to succeed in tailoring a molecule so that it can conduct an electrical current and that this current can be selectively turned on and off like an electrical switch.
This requires a molecule in which an otherwise strong bond between individual atoms dissolves in one location – and forms again precisely when energy is pumped into the structure. Dr. Jannic Wolf, chemist at the University of Konstanz, discovered through complex experiments that a particular diarylethene compound is an eligible candidate. The advantages of this molecule, approximately three nanometres in size, are that it rotates very little when a point in its structure opens and it possesses two nanowires that can be used as contacts. The diarylethene is an insulator when open and becomes a conductor when closed. It thus exhibits a different physical behaviour, a behaviour that the scientists from Konstanz and Dresden were able to demonstrate with certainty in numerous reproducible measurements for the first time in a single molecule.
A computer from a test-tube
A special feature of these molecular electronics is that they take place in a fluid within a test-tube, where the molecules are contacted within the solution. In order to ascertain what effects the solution conditions have on the switching process, it was therefore necessary to systematically test various solvents. The diarylethene needs to be attached at the end of the nanowires to electrodes so that the current can flow. “We developed a nanotechnology at the HZDR that relies on extremely thin tips made of very few gold atoms. We stretch the switchable diarylethene compound between them,” explains Dr. Erbe.
When a beam of light then hits the molecule, it switches from its open to its closed state, resulting in a flowing current. “For the first time ever we could switch on a single contacted molecule and prove that this precise molecule becomes a conductor on which we have used the light beam,” says Dr. Erbe, pleased with the results. “We have also characterized the molecular switching mechanism in extremely high detail, which is why I believe that we have succeeded in making an important step toward a genuine molecular electronic component.”
Switching off, however, does not yet work with the contacted diarylethene, but the physicist is confident: “Our colleagues from the HZDR theory group are computing how precisely the molecule must rotate so that the current is interrupted. Together with the chemists from Konstanz, we will be able to accordingly implement the design and synthesis for the molecule.” However, a great deal of patience is required because it’s a matter of basic research. The diarylethene molecule contact using electron-beam lithography and the subsequent measurements alone lasted three long years. Approximately ten years ago, a working group at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands had already managed to construct a switch that could interrupt the current. The off-switch also worked only in one direction, but what couldn’t be proven at the time with certainty was that the change in conductivity was bound to a single molecule.
Nano-electronics in Dresden
One area of research focus in Dresden is what is known as self-organization. “DNA molecules are, for instance, able to arrange themselves into structures without any outside assistance. If we succeed in constructing logical switches from self-organizing molecules, then computers of the future will come from test-tubes,” Dr. Erbe prophesizes. The enormous advantages of this new technology are obvious: billion-euro manufacturing plants that are necessary for manufacturing today’s microelectronics could be a thing of the past. The advantages lie not only in production but also in operating the new molecular components, as they both will require very little energy.
Read more: Researchers from Konstanz and Dresden succeed in light-controlled molecule switching
The Latest on: Molecular electronics
[google_news title=”” keyword=”Molecular electronics” num_posts=”10″ blurb_length=”0″ show_thumb=”left”]
via Google News
The Latest on: Molecular electronics
- Riber: Order for a new MBE research machine in the United Stateson May 13, 2024 at 11:00 pm
Order for a new MBE research machine in the United States Bezons (France), May 14, 2024 - 8:00 am (CET) – RIBER, the global leader for Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) equipment serving the semiconductor ...
- No ‘electron dancing’ allowed in new molecular design ruleson May 13, 2024 at 12:58 pm
For over a century, scientists have been aware of the coupling between electrons and atomic motion in in molecules and molecular design, a phenomenon discovered alongside quantum mechanics.
- Strictly no dancing: Researchers discover 'new molecular design rules'on May 8, 2024 at 8:51 am
Since the discovery of quantum mechanics more than a hundred years ago, it has been known that electrons in molecules can be coupled to the motion of the atoms that make up the molecules. Often ...
- Attosecond core-level spectroscopy reveals real-time molecular dynamicson May 6, 2024 at 8:44 am
Chemical reactions are complex mechanisms. Many different dynamic processes are involved, affecting both the electrons and the nucleus of the present atoms. Very often, the strongly coupled electron ...
- New memory transistor integrates photocrosslinker into molecular switches to adjust its threshold voltageon May 2, 2024 at 9:22 am
A research team has developed a memory transistor capable of adjusting its threshold voltage. This innovation combines two molecules that form a stable bond with a polymeric semiconductor, situated at ...
- Molecular Psychiatryon April 28, 2024 at 5:00 pm
Molecular Psychiatry is a scientific journal published by Nature Publishing Group. It publishes papers in biological psychiatry and, e.g., about psychiatric genetics. With an impact factor of 15. ...
- Molecular electronics: what will future gadgets be like?on April 26, 2024 at 8:58 am
In the broader field of electronics, it could bring us closer to the creation of so-called molecular electronics. It will potentially be possible to use light attosecond pulses to turn electrons into ...
- Evolving From Discrete Molecular Data Integrations to Actionable Molecular Insights Within the Electronic Health Recordon April 10, 2024 at 5:00 pm
EHR, electronic health record. Molecular technology companies must work collaboratively with EHR systems, guideline generating organizations, clinicians, regulatory bodies, and patient advocates to ...
- Molecular Electronics: Building Circuits at the Nanoscaleon April 3, 2024 at 2:36 pm
Molecular electronics is a branch of nanotechnology that focuses on using individual molecules or nanoscale molecular structures as electronic components to create miniaturized circuits and devices.
- Conjugated Polymers for Organic Electronicson March 27, 2024 at 5:01 pm
Unlike standard conjugated polymers which may contain a range of conjugation lengths in their emissive chromophores, polymers can be made in which there are isolated chromophores of identical size and ...
via Bing News