
Human lungs in color background
A natural human enzyme can biodegrade graphene, scientists from the Graphene Flagship have announced.
Degradation of pristine graphene occurs in the human body when interacting with a naturally occurring enzyme found in the lung, announced Graphene Flagship partners; the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), University of Strasbourg, Karolinska Institute and University of Castilla–La Mancha (UCLM).
Graphene based products are being designed to be interfaced with the human body within the Graphene Flagship, including flexible biomedical electronic devices. If graphene is to be used for such biomedical applications, it should be biodegradable and thus be expelled from the body.
To test how graphene behaves within the body, Alberto Bianco and his team at Graphene Flagship partner CNRS, conducted several tests looking at if and how graphene was broken down with the addition of a common human enzyme. The enzyme in question, myeloperoxidase (MPO), is a peroxide enzyme released by neutrophils, cells that are responsible for the elimination of any foreign bodies or bacteria that enter the body, found in the lungs. If a foreign body or bacteria is detected inside of the body, neutrophils surround it and secrete MPO, thereby destroying the threat. Previous work by Graphene Flagship partners found MPO to successfully biodegrade graphene oxide [Small, 20151; Nanoscale, 20182]. However the structure of non-functionalized graphene was thought to be more degradation resistant. To test this, Bianco and his team looked at the effects of MPO, ex vivo, on two graphene forms; single- and few-layer.
Bianco explains, “We used two forms of graphene, single- and few-layer, prepared by two different methods in water. They were then taken and put in contact with myeloperoxidase in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. This peroxidase was able to degrade and oxidise them. This was not really expected because we thought that non functionalized graphene was more resistant than graphene oxide.”
Rajendra Kurapati, first author on the study, from Graphene Flagship partner CNRS, said, “The results emphasize that highly dispersible graphene could be degraded in the body by the action of neutrophils. This would open the new avenue for developing graphene-based materials.”
With successful ex-vivo testing, in-vivo testing is the next stage. Bengt Fadeel, Professor at Graphene Flagship partner Karolinska Institute, “Understanding whether graphene is biodegradable or not is important for biomedical and other applications of this material. The fact that cells of the immune system are capable of handling graphene is very promising.”
Prof. Maurizio Prato, leader of Work Package 4, dealing with Health and Environment impact studies, based at Graphene Flagship Partner University of Trieste, said, “The enzymatic degradation of graphene is a very important topic, because in principle, graphene dispersed in the atmosphere could produce some harm. Instead, if there are microorganisms able to degrade graphene and related materials, the persistence of these materials in our environment will be strongly decreased. These types of studies are needed. What is also needed is to investigate the nature of degradation products. Once graphene is digested by enzymes, it could produce harmful derivatives. We need to know the structure of these derivatives and study their impact on health and environment.”
Learn more: Biodegradable Graphene
The Latest on: Graphene
via Google News
The Latest on: Graphene
- Ingenious 'Wrinkled' Graphene Could Be The Most Promising Water Filter Yeton January 24, 2021 at 5:12 pm
Graphene continues to dazzle us with its strength and its versatility – exciting new applications are being discovered for it all the time, and now scientists have found a way of manipulating the ...
- Global Graphene and 2D Materials Market Report 2021on January 22, 2021 at 11:30 am
The "The Global Market for Graphene and 2D Materials 2021-2031" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering. The Global ...
- Specially oriented twisted bilayer graphene hosts topological electronic stateson January 22, 2021 at 5:35 am
A sheet of magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene can host novel topological phases of matter, a study has revealed.
- Targeted coating improves graphene oxide membranes for nanofiltrationon January 22, 2021 at 5:23 am
Nanofiltration (NF) is an advanced technology for treating wastewater containing organic micropollutants (OMPs).
- Wrinkled graphene sheets offer a shortcut for water purificationon January 21, 2021 at 5:32 pm
Scientists at Brown University have demonstrated a promising new water purification technology that takes advantage of the tiny gaps in stacked sheets of graphene to filter out contaminants with great ...
- Graphene Electronics Market Emerging Growth Comprehensive Market Study Innovative Business Growth Outlook Forecasting by 2021 – 2024on January 20, 2021 at 11:42 pm
Jan (AmericaNewsHour) -- Global Graphene Electronics Market is estimated to reach $797 million by 2024; growing at a CAGR of 47.6% from 2016 ...
- New graphene nanochannel water filterson January 20, 2021 at 4:00 pm
Researchers have shown that tiny channels between graphene sheets can be aligned in a way that makes them ideal for water filtration.
- This game-changing graphene tattoo can continuously monitor your brainwaveson January 20, 2021 at 5:00 am
Brainwave data is almost always captured sporadically or intermittently. But with this innovation, it could be captured continuously ...
- The growth of the graphene market is driven by its increasing application in the automotive & aerospace industrieson January 20, 2021 at 12:25 am
Jan (Market Insight Reports) -- According to a report published by Global Market Insights Inc., the global graphene market size was estimated to ...
- Safe graphene battery won’t unexpectedly burst into flames like lithium-ionon January 13, 2021 at 2:33 pm
Graphene is one seriously exciting material. Its next trick could be powering the next generation of batteries.
via Bing News