At left, Nerine Cherepy of Lawrence Livermore displays commercial phosphors (six samples from bottom left of semi-circle) and phosphors being developed by LLNL and collaborators as replacements (five on right). LLNL, Oak Ridge National Laboratory and GE are working to improve the efficiency of the new phosphors to replace commercial phosphors. Inset: The CMI phosphor team members include (from left) Paul Martinez, Cherepy, Zach Seeley, Kiel Holliday, Ich Tran, Nick Harvey and Steve Payne. Not shown are Daniel Aberg and Fei Zhou.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) have created new kinds of fluorescent lighting phosphors that use far less rare-earth elements than current technology.
Rare-earth elements are hard to come by. The United States has access to a limited amount of rare-earth elements and relies on imports.
Today the phosphors in fluorescent lighting consume more than 1,000 metric tons of rare-earth oxides yearly, including europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), cerium (Ce) and lanthanum (La), as well as even larger amounts of yttrium (Y) oxide.
While LED lighting will likely replace fluorescent tubes eventually, low-cost linear fluorescent lighting is expected to remain a dominant feature in the U.S. infrastructure for more than a decade.
Therefore it is necessary to replace the current triphosphor blend discovered more than 30 years ago (based on a mixture of blue, green and red emitters) because of its high rare earth consumption.
The GE, LLNL and ORNL team, funded by the Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy and working with the Critical Materials Institute (CMI) at Ames Laboratory, have identified a green phosphor, which reduces the Tb content by 90 percent and eliminates La, while the new red phosphor eliminates both Eu and Y and is rare-earth free.
These proposed phosphors appear to be close to meeting stringent requirements of long lamp survivability, high efficiency, precise color rendition and low-cost; the blue phosphor has inherently low rare-earth content and need not be replaced.
“The fundamental physics of these phosphors is compelling, and we are taking the next steps to assess their feasibility for commercial lighting by evaluating chemical issues such as slurry compatibility and improving the synthetic procedures,” said Steve Payne, the CMI thrust leader on the project.
Read more: Better fluorescent lighting through physics
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