Telescopic Contact Lens Could Improve Eyesight for the Visually Impaired

A team of engineers has designed a telescopic contact lens that can switch between normal and magnified vision by using slightly modified off-the-shelf 3D television glasses.

The researchers, led by Joseph Ford, a professor of electrical engineering at the University of California, San Diego, built a prototype of the lens and tested it on a mechanical eye. Researchers report their findings in the June 27 online issue of Optics Express, an open-access journal of the Optical Society.

The new lens could ultimately be used to improve vision for patients suffering from eye disease, including age-related macular degeneration, or AMD, a condition that causes loss of vision in the center of the visual field. Patients typically cannot read or recognize faces.

Ongoing research on the lenses is funded through a larger research program. Last summer, UC San Diego researchers worked with partners at Innovega and Paragon Vision Sciences to conduct human clinical trials on a preliminary version of the wearable lens. A second round of clinical trials will occur later this year.

Said Ford, the principal investigator on the project, “While there is a great deal of work still ahead, we see a clear path to a comfortable low-vision aid powered by a contact lens, which will help a significant number people who have impaired vision.”

The contact lens developed by Ford’s team is one millimeter thick. Researchers used aluminum mirrors, fit tightly together, to create a ring-shaped telescope embedded in the contact lens. The center of the lens allows for normal, non-magnified vision.  Its periphery, where the telescope is located, magnifies images 2.8 times.

The telescopic contact lens, once fine-tuned, will be less invasive than the miniature telescopes that can currently be implanted into patients’ eyes. In addition, the lens the researchers developed does a better job at collecting light. The lens is also less bulky than telescopes mounted on glasses that are currently available to help patients with impaired vision. The contact lens’ optics make it possible to switch between normal and magnified vision by combining the contact lenses with glasses such as the “active shutter” glasses worn to watch some 3D televisions.

Switching between normal and magnified vision

Without the glasses, the contact lenses superimpose both normal and magnified images. With the glasses on, a liquid crystal shutter will switch open a window for normal or telescopic vision? Researchers are working on a hands-free switch that uses a low-power infrared LED to monitor when the user blinks with both eyes or winks with one eye to activate one of the two functions.

The lenses of the 3D glasses contain liquid crystals, which switch the two sections of the telescopic contact lens on and off. The crystals change the way light is refracted onto polarized films embedded in the contact lens, so that only light with a certain orientation, or polarization, passes through the glasses to the contact lens, hitting either the telescopic portion of the lens, or the area designed for normal vision.

Testing the lens

The researchers tested the lens on a life-size mechanical model of the eye that they built. The model was connected to a complex imaging system that allowed engineers to see on a computer screen what their mechanical eye saw. They also ran complex computer models to simulate the lens’ performance.

Tests performed with the mechanical eye showed that the lens’ magnified image provides a much larger field of vision than other magnification approaches currently in use. The quality of the images was also good.

Read more . . .